4. What role did China play in the Cold War?

Unit Outline

STATEMENT OF INQUIRY

In global conflicts, emerging nations can achieve significant power by facilitating interdependence between non-aligned states

GLOBAL CONTEXT

Globalisation and Sustainability (Commonality, diversity and interconnection) - Students will explore the interconnectedness of human-made systems and communities; the relationship between local and global processes; how local experiences mediate the global; the opportunities and tensions provided by world interconnectedness; the impact of decision-making on humankind and the environment.

KEY HISTORY CONCEPT

Significance - History is not simply the record of all events that have happened in the past. Instead, history is the record that has been preserved through evidence or traces of the past, and/or the aspects that someone has consciously decided to record and communicate. Students should be encouraged to ask questions about why something may have been recorded or included in a historical narrative. Similarly, they should be encouraged to think about who or what has been excluded from historical narratives, and for what reasons. Additionally, students’ questions should encourage them to think about, and assess, the relative importance of events, people, groups or developments, and whether the evidence supports the claims that others make about their significance.

RELATED HISTORY CONCEPT(S)

Interdependence - Interdependence is the state of two or more individuals, groups or societies being reliant on each other. This mutual dependence is often derived from a need for individuals, groups or societies to grow, develop, change and/or advance. Interdependence can lead to a variety of results, both positive and negative. These results can be the same or different for the parties involved in the interdependent relationship. As well, these results can change depending on the time period and location in which the individuals, groups and/or societies exist. Relations of interdependence are not necessarily horizontal. Historiography can also study processes of dependency, domination and power between peoples or nations.

1. Why were Sino-Soviet relations so turbulent?

When the CPC won the civil war in 1949, it was the biggest turning point of the Cold War sending the US into panic and setting the dynamic of containment in Asia. Yet within a decade the Sino-Soviet alliance would unexpectedly rupture - but why was this?

2. How did Sino-American relations change?

In the decades prior to the Cold War, the US enjoyed a cordial relationship with China. Yet the escalating Cold War forced policy hawks in both nations to harden their ideological positions. Yet in the late 1960s detente changed all this. But who benefited more?

3. What other relations did China cultivate?

Sino-American and Sino-Soviet adversity was driven by both ideological and geo-political competition. Maoism sought to provide revolutionary leadership to developing nations in a way that was independent of the two superpowers. But to what extent was the PRC successful in this?

4. Assessment: When did China become a global power?

Considering how both Soviet and US foreign policy was so geared towards both containing and courting China, it seems beyond doubt that China played a key part during the Cold War. But when did China take on this significance? When was the turning point?